Basically, AVRs regulate the voltage from the power network to the connected appliances. These devices make the output voltage safe when it reaches the extremes. These devices also ensure the proper functioning of connected appliances, reversing the connection when the output voltage reaches the extremes again. The accuracy of output voltage stabilization is the maximum deviation that can occur at the AVR’s output. Hence, the higher the stabilization accuracy, the less spread will be the voltage.
AVR works as a regulator of the voltage output from enormous generators. It includes active elements and passive ones, including microcontrollers. As the principle of AVR is similar to that of an ordinary voltage regulator, it regulates the output voltage of the generator automatically. When the voltage in the generator increases or decreases, the AVR sorts out the appropriate voltage every millisecond. The device also has a maximum and minimum amplifier limiter to control the output voltage.
The main feature of AVR is its ability to supply power to all connected loads, which may include a whole room or a consumer group. However, a general AVR should always be equipped with a reserve of 20-30% of the load power. This is because appliances with electric motors typically have a high starting current, which can be several times more than the nominal power. Therefore, it is important to check the power rating and capacity of the AVR before buying.
AVRs can be of two types: servo motor and relay. The former is cheaper and lighter, while the latter has a slower response time. They are more sensitive to voltage fluctuations than the former. If you’re looking for an AVR for sensitive appliances, the servo motor type is likely to be the most suitable choice. But be prepared to pay more – they do have higher costs than relay-type AVRs.
An automatic voltage regulator helps stabilize the voltage of generators. Initially, it relied on electromechanical systems, but modern versions use solid-state devices. These regulators measure the voltage from a generator’s output and compare it to a pre-set reference voltage. An error signal is then generated which allows the regulator to adjust the generator’s excitation current to maintain a constant terminal voltage. It is not surprising that automatic voltage regulators are widely used in large power plants.
